Becoming a Canadian citizen means more than holding a passport—it also means participating in civic duties, including the possibility of serving on a jury. For many newcomers, the idea of jury duty might seem unfamiliar or even intimidating. This guide breaks down how jury selection works in Canada, who’s eligible, and what to expect if you’re called to serve.

What Is Jury Duty?

Jury duty is a key part of Canada’s justice system. In criminal trials, a jury is made up of 12 ordinary citizens who listen to the evidence and decide whether the accused is guilty or not guilty. The goal is to ensure fairness and impartiality in court by having peers—not just legal professionals—determine the outcome.

“The right to a trial by jury is guaranteed in criminal cases where the accused could face imprisonment for five years or more.”
— Criminal Code of Canada, Section 11(f)

Who Can Be Called for Jury Duty?

To serve on a jury in Canada, you must meet the following general requirements:

Be a Canadian citizen
Be 18 years of age or older
Be fluent in English or French, depending on the province
Be mentally and physically able to perform jury duty

Each province and territory maintains its own jury roll, typically drawn from lists of residents who file taxes or are on voter registration lists.

However, not everyone is eligible. In most provinces, people working in law enforcement, legal professions, or politics are excluded. Additionally, individuals with certain criminal records may be ineligible.

How Are Jurors Selected?

Here’s a step-by-step look at how jury selection typically works:

You Receive a Jury Summons: This doesn’t mean you’ll definitely serve on a jury—it means you must attend a selection process, often called a “jury panel.”
Jury Panel Assembles: On the appointed day, a group of people report to the courthouse. From this larger group, jurors will be chosen for a specific trial.
Voir Dire: This is the questioning process. Lawyers and the judge ask potential jurors questions to ensure they can be impartial. Some individuals may be dismissed for personal connections, bias, or hardship.
Jurors Are Selected: Once 12 unbiased, eligible individuals are confirmed, they are sworn in as jurors for that trial.

“In Canada, lawyers have limited rights to dismiss jurors without cause. Most challenges must be justified to the judge.” — Department of Justice Canada

What If You’re Chosen?

Serving on a jury is a serious responsibility. You’ll need to:

Listen carefully to the trial
Follow the judge’s instructions
Keep an open mind
Avoid discussing the case outside the courtroom

At the end of the trial, the jury will deliberate privately and reach a verdict. Your decision must be unanimous in criminal cases.

“Jurors are the conscience of the community. Their duty is to apply the law fairly and without prejudice.”
— Supreme Court of Canada

What If You Can’t Serve?

If you have a valid reason (such as a medical condition, financial hardship, or caregiving duties), you can request an exemption. Instructions on how to apply for an exemption or deferral will be included in your jury summons.

Missing jury duty without notice can lead to penalties, so it’s important to respond to any summons.

Will You Be Paid?

In most provinces, jurors are not paid for the first 10 days, but may receive compensation after that. For example:

Ontario: No pay for first 10 days, then $40/day (Day 11–49) and $100/day (Day 50+)
Quebec: Jurors receive a daily allowance from Day 1

Employers are not required to pay your salary during jury duty, but they cannot fire or penalize you for attending.

Tips for New Canadian Citizens

Don’t be afraid: You’re not expected to know the law—just to be fair and attentive.
Ask questions: If you’re unsure about your responsibilities, court staff and judges are there to help.
Take it seriously: Serving on a jury is an important part of participating in Canadian democracy.

Conclusion

Jury duty might seem daunting at first, but it’s a vital part of ensuring justice in Canada. As a new citizen, being called to serve is both a responsibility and a sign that you’re truly part of your community. Approach it with curiosity and care—you might find it to be one of the most meaningful experiences of your life.

References:

Criminal Code of Canada
Department of Justice Canada – Jury Duty
Ontario Ministry of the Attorney General – Jury Duty
Government of Quebec – Jury Duty Info